Because the etiology and pathophysiology of pelvic floor syndrome are not fully understood, there are still many shortcomings in the treatment methods for this condition.
Treatment of Obstructive Constipation
Some patients require the use of laxatives. For patients who do not respond to a high-fiber diet, the colonic transit time under adequate fiber intake should be re-measured to determine if a high-fiber diet is suitable. For patients with anal spasms, botulinum toxin injections can be used, which have a good therapeutic effect on anal spasms, and this treatment has few side effects and complications; to date, no complications endangering the patient's life have been found.
Treatment of Rectal Prolapse
There are several methods for treating rectal prolapse. Under direct colonoscopy, hemorrhoid-reducing injections such as those for treating hemorrhoids can be injected into the high rectal mucosa. This causes aseptic inflammation and fibrosis between the rectal mucosa and muscle layer, or between the high rectum and surrounding tissues, leading to adhesion and fixation of the rectum to the surrounding tissues.
In addition, rectal prolapse is one of the indications for surgery. Currently, surgical procedures for rectal prolapse include: rectal scar fixation, bowel resection, sphincter folding, rectal suspension and fixation, and anal ringing.
Treatment of Fecal Incontinence
If fecal incontinence occurs due to injury to the external anal sphincter during childbirth or rectal/anal canal trauma, sphincteroplasty and perineal reconstruction often have good efficacy. For neurogenic fecal incontinence caused by congenital spinal dysplasia, bilateral iliopsoas muscle transfer to strengthen and replace pelvic floor muscles can be performed. Postoperatively, combined with pelvic floor muscle coordination and adjacent muscle induction training, rectal reflex induction training, and defecation reflex rehabilitation training, good results are often achieved.
